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NO DISTINCTION AS TO COLOR

Chicago Woman's Club Abolishes the Prohibitory Rule at Its Last Meeting.

Dr. Sarah Hackett Stevenson Scores Her Associates for Evincing a Lack of Moral Courage.

Action May Cause a Split in the Federation--What Has Been Done in the City of Omaha.

The color line is down in the Chicago Woman's club.

Early last winter, Mrs. Fannie Barrier Williams, a well-known and much esteemed colored woman, applied for membership in the club, and was refused. Since then the color question has arisen again and again, till it had to be fairly faced. No palliation or compromise could keep it out of sight. The compromise was tried, however. It consisted of an amendment to the by laws as follows:

The qualification for membership shall be character, intelligence and reciprocal advantage of membership to the club and to the individual.

It shall be the duty of those proposing candidates for membership, as well as of the committee on membership, to consider the reciprocal advantage of membership to club and the individual.

The committee on membership shall vote upon candidates by ballot. Three negative votes shall prevent the favorable two-thirds vote by ballot of the board of managers shall be required to elect to membership in the club.

DR. STEVENSON'S VIEWS.

It was thought by those who wished to be agreeable, and to sit comfortably on the fence, that the reciprocal advantage" requirement would amicably settle the matter. The move to admit the colored woman could be killed painlessly. It would simply be decided in the event of the proposal of a name of any negress, that the advantage would not be reciprocal. This weak amendment might have carried, had not Dr. Sarah Hackett Stevenson arisen to announce her principles. Many who heard her, declared that her speech was the strongest effort ever heard by them from man or woman. Dr. Stevenson is an emphatic woman, with a deep nature, positive opinions, natural and unpretentious eloquence, and absolute bravery. She told the women what she thought of the club which professed to speak for the highest achievement of womankind and yet lacked the moral courage to declare explicitly for equal opportunities for her sex. The women were swept along by her impassioned eloquence. An unconditional amendment was offered to the constitution. It reads:

Membership shall be conditioned on character and intelligence without regard to race, color, creed or politics.

It went by an overwhelming majority.

Dr. Stevenson had thrown her searchlight into the hearts of the women. They were ashamed of what they had seen there--ashamed of the motives that had prompted them to oppose the admission of any woman, because of the accident of race.

But the club, it must be remembered, has fought only a small part of the battle. It is one of the largest and most valued clubs in the general federation of clubs, an organization numbering at present nearly 75,000 women. No club can remain in the federation which does not have a constitution conforming to that of the federation. The Chicago club will be forced to carry the federation with it, or, in course of time, in all probability to leave the federation.

MAY SPLIT THE FEDERATION.

It may easily happen that this action will cause a split in the federation. Many southern clubs belong to the federation, and it was a matter of much comment at the last biennial meeting of the federation, that the southern women were among the most scholarly, influential and charming in the assembly. Some of these women have risen to an intellectual plane which leaves all race distinctions far in the background. Some of them never, at any time, would have done anything toward retarding the development of any woman, though her skin were black as tar. But these exceptional women can hardly be expected to carry with them the sentiments of their clubs, nor can they break down the sad old prejudice which shadows the south. One has not, however, any disposition to accuse the southern clubs in advance. If the truth of the matter were known, the opposition would be strong right here in Omaha, to any proposal to admit women to membership. Some time ago the matter was brought up in the board of directors of the Omaha Woman's club. There was not a dissenting voice there, be it said to the credit of that body of sixteen representative women. But there was a decided feeling that it would be better if the question were not brought before the club for some time to come, and until a stronger esprit de corps was established. The question was proposed to the board, apropos of Mrs. Mahammit, a young and beautiful colored woman of good education, and honest intellectual ambitions. Mrs. Mahammit showed singular good sense. Rather than engulf the club in difficulty of any sort, she started a club among her own race, and has led that society of women along pleasant fields of study. Not long ago, as president of the Omaha Colored Woman's club she was invited to address the 500 members of the Woman's club. This she did with singular modesty, propriety of language, and good sense, and met with the warmest applause. So far, and no further have the women got on the color question in this city.

IN THIS CITY.

There are those in this city who feel that the club loses much by not including in its membership such women as Mrs. Mahammit, Mrs. Pryor, Miss Lucy Gamble, and others. The strong and assertive intellect of these women, their good taste and sweetness of disposition would be an addition to the club. But there are many members of the club--and they are not all southerners--who would vote against their admission, and who, in the event of such admission, would probably leave the club.

It must be taken into account that no club is under any obligations to admit any woman, or any specie of woman which it prefers to keep without its membership. A club is not a public concern. It is an organization of a private character not chartered, composed of persons of similar tastes, organized for purposed of amusement and improvement. Such a club does not profess to be unselfish. Its first duty is to its own members. The will of its members make its laws. If these women do not choose to assume an altruistic attitude, or a liberal attitude it is their own affair. Yet, on the other hand, in so much as these women stand for the elevation of the sex, it seems but consistent that a persons of good character and intellectuality should be admitted to assist them.

The color question will inevitably arise sooner or later in every woman's club in the federation. Certainly it must arise in all clubs which are located in cities. The result cannot be foreseen. It is to be hoped that the women will preserve that dignity of demeanor which has thus far characterized the women's clubs, and made them impervious to the attacks of their critics. The question is one that should lead to the development. It puts to the test the character of mind, heart and spirit of the women composing the enormous membership of these clubs. It will demonstrate whether these women are loftier of mind than the average, or whether they are governed by the same narrow prejudices as the unrestrained, the sectional, and the unfortunate.
ELIA W. PEATTIE.

STEAM EFFECTS IN THE SKY.
Plumes and Columns of Pearl That Glorify New York's Atmosphere.

If the architecture of this town were as admirable as the atmosphere at its best, it would be about the handsomest city on earth. The New York atmosphere on a bright March morning, almost painfully brilliant with sunshine, all flutter with flags and decorated with the opalescent plumes of a thousand steam jets--graceful evidence of the busy life below--is a thing to astonish the dwellers in most other great towns, says the New York Sun. The steam plumes are, on the whole, the most charming and airy feature of the housetops. One of the few esthetic blessings conferred by the elevated railroads is the billowy mass of steam that each train leaves in its wake, and when electricity shall become the main motive power the loss to the life and the imagination will be almost irreparable.

There is great variety to the manifestations that come from the steam vents. They vary with time and place and weather. When the sky is clear and the barometer high, whether the atmosphere be warm or cold, the pearly outpourings are swallowed up almost instantly as if by magic, until one suspects that the sun that sacrifices the escaping vapor also burns it to nothing. The behavior of the jets on damp days, when the vapor is heavier than the air, is strange and confusing to one unacquainted with the simple principles of meteorology involved. The elevated railway trains which ordinarily leave behind a long, billowy cloud parallel with the track, to be gradually absorbed by the spongy atmosphere, journey on with wild and shapeless masses of vapor falling about their wheels and thence downward, until the cold air lying close to the street has condense the clouds into invisibility. The harbor on a clear, windy day owes much to the vapor, like strings of monster pearls, or soft ropes of [?] weave that every steam craft puffs out upon the breeze. Sometimes a modicum of carbon, aided by a peculiar relation of the sun, converts the mass into smoked pearls halved with rainbows. A nice knowledge of steam machinery would enable an expert to calculate the speed of a vessel by counting the number of pearls a minute puffed from the steam vent.

The wild and fantastic swirl from steam vents on clear, windy days, when the vapor has no earthward tendency, often suggests a Miltonic war of angels in heaven, and a lively imagination may enable an observer to see Michael pitter against Satan and the whole panorama of the angelic warfare.

Wherever the Jersey cliffs bound the view of a street the heights are ribbed with mimic clouds, and every murky background of the larger avenues is peopled with nodding smoke plumes, that, taken with the murk, suggest the solemnity of a public funeral pageant. There is a touch of the majestic in the feathery outpourings of a few great chimney stacks, especially when the air is calm, the sky is clear, so tat the white mass is clearly defined and the sunlight